The Case for a New Policy Framework - Introduction -- Economic Policy for the 21st Century -- 1: The Future of Macroeconomic Policy in the European Union -- The Future of Macroeconomic Policy in the European Union -- Economic Policies - Old and New? -- The Case for Straightening Out Macroeconomic Policy in the European Union -- 2: Economic Policy Consequences of Population Ageing -- Towards a Positive Equilibrium for Ageing Societies -- Population Ageing - A Problem not a Crisis -- Economic and Social Policy in an Ageing Europe: Employment and Pensions -- The German Pension Reform - A Major Improvement on a PAYG System -- Activation as an Option for an Ageing Society -- 3: The Potential Benefits and Risks of the Enlargement of the Union in Central Europe -- Eastern Enlargement: Some Basics -- Optimal Path into the EMU: Big Bang or Gradualism? -- Institutional Aspects of EU Enlargement -- Health not Wealth -- What Can We Learn About Labour Market Adjustment in Candidate Countries from Literature? -- 4: The Future of Public Finance -- International Tax Competition: A New Framework for Analysis -- An Age of Diminished Taxation? -- What Future For The EC Budget? -- The Development of Tax Structures in the EU Member States -- 5: Competitiveness in the Science Based Economy -- The Public Policy Challenge of the New Economy -- Competitiveness in the Science-Based Economy - The Irish Experience -- Institutions and Innovation in the European Union -- What do We Know About the New Economy? -- 6: The Scope for Economic Policy Advice -- Empirical Economic Research and Economic Policy Advice: Some Remarks -- Economic Policy Consulting: Some Personal Reflections -- Political Economy in Economic Policy Advice -- Contributors of this Volume.