1 Planning Support Systems: An Introduction -- 1: Systems and Technologies for Enhancing Participation in the Planning Process -- 2 Interactive Support Systems for Participatory Planning -- 3 Public Participation via On-line Democracy -- 4 Web-based Tools and Interfaces for Participatory Planning and Design -- 5 Community Engagement in Land Use Planning Through Web-based Technologies -- 6 Tools for Community Design and Decision-making -- 2: Tools for Supporting the Planning Process -- 7 The Planner's TOOLBOX: A Web-based Support System for Sustainable Development -- 8 STEPP: A Strategic Tool for Integrating Environmental Aspects into Planning Procedures -- 9 Flowmap: A Support Tool for Strategic Network Analysis -- 10 Geovisualisation for Planning Support Systems -- 11 Key to Virtual Insight: A 3D GIS and Virtual Reality System -- 12 Cellular Automata and Multi-agent Systems as Planning Support Tools -- 13 The Application of Case-based Reasoning in Development Control -- 14 Fuzzy Algorithms to Support Spatial Planning -- 3: Support Systems for Strategic Planning -- 15 A Migration Modelling System to Support Government Decision-making -- 16 Spatial Decision Support Systems for Petrol Forecourts -- 17 An Urbanisation Monitoring System for Strategic Planning -- 18 An On-line Planning Support System to Evaluate Urban and Regional Planning Scenarios -- 4: Support Systems for Land Use and Infrastructure Planning -- 19 Models for Assessing the Effects of Community Change on Land Use Patterns -- 20 The New Jersey (USA) Growth Allocation Model: Development, Evaluation and Extension -- 21 Using an Operational Planning Support System to Evaluate Farmland Preservation Policies -- 22 Development of the Klang Valley Regional Planning Support System -- 23 The LiNC Viewer: An Information System Designed to Assist with Land Reform -- 24 The SPARTACUS System for Defining and Analysing Sustainable Urban Land Use and Transport Policies -- 25 An Infrastructure Potential Cost Model for Integrated Land Use and Infrastructure Planning -- 5: Support Systems for Environmental Planning -- 26 The Environmental Information System: A Data Analysis and Presentation Tool -- 27 DESIMA: A Decision Support Tool for Integrated Coastal Zone Management -- 28 WadBOS: Integrating Knowledge to Support Policy-making for the Wadden Sea -- 29 A Planning Support System for Policy Formulation in Water Resources Rehabilitation -- Figures -- Tables -- List of Contributors.

Planning Support Systems: Technologies that are Driving Planning Michael Batty Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA), University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC 1 E 6BT, United Kingdom I had always thought the term 'Planning Support Systems', abbreviated to PSS, had been coined by the father of land use modelling, Britton Harris, in his article 'Beyond Geographic Information Systems: computers and the planning professional' published in the Journal of the American Planning Association in 1989 (Harris 1989). Until I asked hirn, that iso In a response to a paper he gave to the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association (URISA) in the summer of 1987, he told me that someone in the audience who he cannot quite remember, actually coined the term, referring to 'planning support systems' as that constellation of digital techniques (such as GIS) which were emerging to support the planning process. In fact, the predecessor term 'decision support systems' (DSS) from which this unknown originator obviously defined PSS by analogy, was coined as far back as the late 1970s in the management literature for a loose assemblage of techniques, usually computer-based, which aided management decisions. The term slowly entered the geographicallexicon as 'spatial decision support systems' (SDSS) and this is probably first attributable to Lew Hopkins and Mark Armstrong who used it in a paper published in AutoCarto 7 in 1985 (Hopkins and Armstrong 1985).