Abramitzky, Ran. <br/><br/>
The Effects of Immigration on the Economy:  Lessons from the 1920s Border Closure / 
Ran Abramitzky, Philipp Ager, Leah Platt Boustan, Elior Cohen, Casper W. Hansen. 
 - Cambridge, Mass.  National Bureau of Economic Research  2019. 
 - 1 online resource:  illustrations (black and white); 
 - NBER working paper series  no. w26536 .
 - Working Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research)  no. w26536. .
<br/><br/> December 2019. 
<br/><br/> In the 1920s, the United States substantially reduced immigrant entry by imposing country-specific quotas. We compare local labor markets with more or less exposure to the national quotas due to differences in initial immigrant settlement. A puzzle emerges: the earnings of existing US-born workers declined after the border closure, despite the loss of immigrant labor supply. We find that more skilled US-born workers - along with unrestricted immigrants from Mexico and Canada - moved into affected urban areas, completely replacing European immigrants. By contrast, the loss of immigrant workers encouraged farmers to shift toward capital-intensive agriculture and discouraged entry from unrestricted workers. 
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