TY  - BOOK
AU  - Shu,Pian
AU  - Steinwender,Claudia
ED  - National Bureau of Economic Research.
TI  - The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Firm Productivity and Innovation
T2  - NBER working paper series
PY  - 2018///
CY  - Cambridge, Mass.
PB  - National Bureau of Economic Research
N1  - June 2018; Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
N2  - This chapter reviews the empirical economics literature on the impact of trade liberalization on firms' innovation-related outcomes. We define and examine four types of shocks to trade flows: import competition, export opportunities, access to imported intermediates, and foreign input competition. Our review reveals interesting heterogeneities at the country and firm levels. In emerging countries, trade liberalization appears to spur productivity and innovation. In developed countries, export opportunities and access to imported intermediates tend to encourage innovation, but the evidence on import competition is mixed, especially for firms in the United States. At the firm level, the positive effects of trade on innovation are more pronounced at the initially more productive firms while the negative effects are more pronounced at the initially less productive firms
UR  - https://www.nber.org/papers/w24715
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24715
ER  -