Gendron-Carrier, Nicolas. <br/><br/>
Subways and Urban Air Pollution / 
Nicolas Gendron-Carrier, Marco Gonzalez-Navarro, Stefano Polloni, Matthew A. Turner. 
 - Cambridge, Mass.  National Bureau of Economic Research  2018. 
 - 1 online resource:  illustrations (black and white); 
 - NBER working paper series  no. w24183 .
 - Working Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research)  no. w24183. .
<br/><br/> January 2018. 
<br/><br/> We investigate the effect of subway system openings on urban air pollution. On average, particulate concentrations are unchanged by subway openings. For cities with higher initial pollution levels, subway openings reduce particulates by 4% in the area surrounding a city center. The effect decays with distance to city center and persists over the longest time horizon that we can measure with our data, about four years. For highly polluted cities, we estimate that a new subway system provides an external mortality benefit of about $1b per year. For less polluted cities, the effect is indistinguishable from zero. Back of the envelope cost estimates suggest that reduced mortality due to lower air pollution offsets a substantial share of the construction costs of subways. 
<br/><br/>
<br/><br/><br/>System requirements: Adobe [Acrobat] Reader required for PDF files. <br/>Mode of access: World Wide Web.