TY  - BOOK
AU  - Born,Patricia
AU  - Gentry,William M.
AU  - Viscusi,W.Kip
AU  - Zeckhauser,Richard J.
ED  - National Bureau of Economic Research.
TI  - Organizational Form and Insurance Company Performance: Stocks versus Mutuals 
T2  - NBER working paper series
PY  - 1995///
CY  - Cambridge, Mass.
PB  - National Bureau of Economic Research
N1  - September 1995; Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
N2  - One unusual feature of the U.S. property-casualty insurance industry is the coexistence of stock and mutual companies.  This paper explores the performance of these forms in the industry through a dynamic assessment of how mutual and stock insurance companies respond to differences in their underwriting environment.  Agency theories suggest that the stock company may be more 'opportunistic' and less obligated to their insureds than mutuals.  This article assesses the responses by stock and mutual firms to changes in the underwriting environment from 1984 to 1991, using measures of individual firms' performance, by state and by line, in eight different lines of insurance.  Stock companies are more likely than mutuals to reduce their business in unprofitable situations, and have higher losses than mutuals for a given amount of premiums
UR  - https://www.nber.org/papers/w5246
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5246
ER  -