000			02488cam a22003497 4500
001			w14147
003			NBER
005			20211020111738.0
006			m o d
007			cr cnu||||||||
008			210910s2008 mau fo 000 0 eng d
100	1		_aOlmstead, Sheila M. _927955
245	1	0	_aComparing Price and Non-Price Approaches to Urban Water Conservation / _cSheila M. Olmstead, Robert N. Stavins.
260			_aCambridge, Mass. _bNational Bureau of Economic Research _c2008.
300			_a1 online resource: _billustrations (black and white);
490	1		_aNBER working paper series _vno. w14147
500			_aJune 2008.
520	3		_aUrban water conservation is typically achieved through prescriptive regulations, including the rationing of water for particular uses and requirements for the installation of particular technologies. A significant shift has occurred in pollution control regulations toward market-based policies in recent decades. We offer an analysis of the relative merits of market-based and prescriptive approaches to water conservation, where prices have rarely been used to allocate scarce supplies. The analysis emphasizes the emerging theoretical and empirical evidence that using prices to manage water demand is more cost-effective than implementing non-price conservation programs, similar to results for pollution control in earlier decades. Price-based approaches also have advantages in terms of monitoring and enforcement. In terms of predictability and equity, neither policy instrument has an inherent advantage over the other. As in any policy context, political considerations are important.
530			_aHardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
538			_aSystem requirements: Adobe [Acrobat] Reader required for PDF files.
538			_aMode of access: World Wide Web.
588	0		_aPrint version record
690		7	_aL95 - Gas Utilities • Pipelines • Water Utilities _2Journal of Economic Literature class.
690		7	_aQ25 - Water _2Journal of Economic Literature class.
690		7	_aQ28 - Government Policy _2Journal of Economic Literature class.
700	1		_aStavins, Robert N. _921139
710	2		_aNational Bureau of Economic Research.
830		0	_aWorking Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research) _vno. w14147.
856	4	0	_uhttps://www.nber.org/papers/w14147
856			_yAcceso en línea al DOI _uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14147
942			_2ddc _cW-PAPER
999			_c333975 _d292537