000			03364cam a22003617 4500
001			w14114
003			NBER
005			20211020111745.0
006			m o d
007			cr cnu||||||||
008			210910s2008 mau fo 000 0 eng d
100	1		_aSacerdote, Bruce. _919970
245	1	0	_aWill the Stork Return to Europe and Japan? Understanding Fertility Within Developed Nations / _cBruce Sacerdote, James Feyrer.
260			_aCambridge, Mass. _bNational Bureau of Economic Research _c2008.
300			_a1 online resource: _billustrations (black and white);
490	1		_aNBER working paper series _vno. w14114
500			_aJune 2008.
520	3		_aOnly a few rich nations are currently at replacement levels of fertility and many are considerably below. We believe that changes in the status of women are driving fertility change. At low levels of female status, women specialize in household production and fertility is high. In an intermediate phase, women have increasing opportunities to earn a living outside the home yet still shoulder the bulk of household production. Fertility is at a minimum in this regime due to the increased opportunity cost in women's foregone wages with no decrease in time allocated to childcare. We see the lowest fertility nations (Japan, Spain, Italy) as being in this regime. At even higher levels of women's status, men begin to share in the burden of child care at home and fertility is higher than in the middle regime. This progression has been observed in the US, Sweden and other countries. Using ISSP and World Values Survey data we show that countries in which men perform relatively more of the childcare and household production (and where female labor force participation was highest 30 years ago) have the highest fertility within the rich country sample. Fertility and women's labor force participation have become positively correlated across high income countries. The trend in men's household work suggests that the low fertility countries may see increases in fertility as women's household status catches up to their workforce opportunities.
520	3		_aWe also note that as the poor nations of the world undergo the demographic transition they appear to be reducing fertility faster and further than the current rich countries did at similar levels of income. By examining fertility differences between the rich nations we may be able to gain insight into where the world is headed.
530			_aHardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
538			_aSystem requirements: Adobe [Acrobat] Reader required for PDF files.
538			_aMode of access: World Wide Web.
588	0		_aPrint version record
690		7	_aI0 - General _2Journal of Economic Literature class.
690		7	_aJ13 - Fertility • Family Planning • Child Care • Children • Youth _2Journal of Economic Literature class.
690		7	_aJ16 - Economics of Gender • Non-labor Discrimination _2Journal of Economic Literature class.
700	1		_aFeyrer, James. _910411
710	2		_aNational Bureau of Economic Research.
830		0	_aWorking Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research) _vno. w14114.
856	4	0	_uhttps://www.nber.org/papers/w14114
856			_yAcceso en línea al DOI _uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14114
942			_2ddc _cW-PAPER
999			_c334007 _d292569