000 02524cam a22003377 4500
001 w10221
003 NBER
005 20211020112844.0
006 m o d
007 cr cnu||||||||
008 210910s2004 mau fo 000 0 eng d
100 1 _aOyer, Paul.
_918024
245 1 0 _aCompensating Employees Below the Executive Ranks:
_bA Comparison of Options, Restricted Stock, and Cash /
_cPaul Oyer, Scott Schaefer.
260 _aCambridge, Mass.
_bNational Bureau of Economic Research
_c2004.
300 _a1 online resource:
_billustrations (black and white);
490 1 _aNBER working paper series
_vno. w10221
500 _aJanuary 2004.
520 3 _aUsing a detailed data set of employee stock option grants, we compare observed stock-option-based pay plans to hypothetical cash-only or restricted-stock-based plans. We make a variety of assumptions regarding the possible benefits of options relative to cash or stock, and then use observed option grants to make inferences regarding firms' decisions to issue options to lower-level employees. If the favorable accounting treatment is the sole reason underlying firms' choices of options over cash-only compensation, then we estimate that the median firm in our data set incurs $0.64 in real costs in order to increase reported pre-tax income by $1. This figure is several times larger than the willingness-to-pay for earnings reported by Erickson, Hanlon, and Maydew (2002), who study firms that (allegedly) commit fraud in order to boost earnings. If, on the other hand, firms' option-granting decisions are driven by economic-profit maximization then observed stock option grants are most consistent with explanations involving attraction and retention of employees.
530 _aHardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
538 _aSystem requirements: Adobe [Acrobat] Reader required for PDF files.
538 _aMode of access: World Wide Web.
588 0 _aPrint version record
690 7 _aJ31 - Wage Level and Structure • Wage Differentials
_2Journal of Economic Literature class.
690 7 _aJ33 - Compensation Packages • Payment Methods
_2Journal of Economic Literature class.
700 1 _aSchaefer, Scott.
710 2 _aNational Bureau of Economic Research.
830 0 _aWorking Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research)
_vno. w10221.
856 4 0 _uhttps://www.nber.org/papers/w10221
856 _yAcceso en lĂ­nea al DOI
_uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10221
942 _2ddc
_cW-PAPER
999 _c337950
_d296512